And Their Plan to Outlaw War

The Internationalists

'It will change the way you remember the 20th century and read the news in the 21st' Steven Pinker 
 
'A clarion call to preserve law and order across our planet' Philippe Sands 
 
'A fascinating and important book ... given the state of the world, The Internationalists has come along at the right moment' Margaret MacMillan, Financial Times 
 
Since the end of the Second World War, we have moved from an international system in which war was legal, and accepted as the ultimate arbiter of disputes between nations, to one in which it was not. Nations that wage aggressive war have become outcasts and have almost always had to give up their territorial gains. How did this epochal transformation come about? This remarkable book, which combines political, legal, and intellectual history, traces the origins and course of one of the great shifts in the modern world. 
 
'Sweeping and yet personable at the same time, The Internationalists explores the profound implications of the outlawry of war. Professors Oona Hathaway and Scott Shapiro enrich their analysis with vignettes of the many individuals (some unknown to most students of History) who played such important roles in this story. None have put it all together in the way that Hathaway and Shapiro have done in this book' Paul Kennedy

Genuine originality is unusual in political history. The Internationalists is an original book.

An impassioned history of how the liberal international order came into being and why it must be defended as never before

The Internationalists is a fascinating and challenging book, which raises gravely important issues for the present.

An extraordinary high-wire act ... this book is a lively firecracker that illuminates not only the past, but also the present

Oona A. Hathaway is Professor of International Law and Professor of Political Science at Yale Law School, where she is the Director of the Center for Global Legal Challenges. In 2014-2015, she served as Special Counsel to the General Counsel for National Security Law at the Department of Defense. 
 
Scott J. Shapiro is Professor of Law and Professor of Philosophy at Yale Law School, where he is the Director of the Centre for Law and Philosophy. He is the author of Legality and editor of The Oxford Handbook of Jurisprudence and the Philosophy of Law.

Scott Shapiro

When does cyber-espionage tip into cybercrime or even cyber-warfare? ... Scott Shapiro is well-placed to tackle these quandaries ... masterful ... His narrative zips between technical explanations, legal reasoning and the ideas of thinkers including René Descartes and Alan Turing ... making the subject intelligible to non-specialist readers

His impish humour and freewheeling erudition suit a world saturated in pop culture

an impressive achievement ... an absorbing tour of cyberspaces's netherworld ... illuminating

Full of such surprising human stories and colour ... you might assume that hacking is the art of tricking a computer into letting you in. The reality, as Shapiro sets out, is more often about tricking humans ... a lucid, grounded explanation of hacks, the mentality of the hackers behind them, and what it means for us.

Fancy Bear Goes Phishing is an essential book about high-tech crime: lively, sometimes funny, readable, and accessible. Shapiro highlights the human side of hacking and computer crime, and the deep relevance of software to our lives.

Bruce Schneier, author of A Hacker's Mind: How the Powerful Bend Society's Rules and How to Bend them Back

Shapiro's snappy prose manages the extraordinary feat of describing hackers' intricate coding tactics and the flaws they exploit in a way that is accessible and captivating even to readers who don't know Python from JavaScript. The result is a fascinating look at the anarchic side of cyberspace.

This scintillating book manages to hack the reader ... it is a profound work on the idea of technology, the philosophical underpinning of it, the moral sensitivity we need to deal with fundamental problems and the jurisprudence relevant to it. If you think that books involving discussions of law must be boring, then Shapiro is a good antidote since he is a very humanist and humane writer ... Ask yourself: did you have an email address or a mobile phone back in the way-back? ... psychologically astute ... erudite, witty and arch. I am now unplugging my computer

Scott Shapiro's Fancy Bear Goes Phishing fills a critical hole in cybersecurity history, providing an engaging read that explains just why the internet is as vulnerable as it is. Accessible for regular readers, yet still fun for experts, this delightful book expertly traces the challenge of securing our digital lives and how the optimism of the internet's early pioneers has resulted in an online world today threatened by spies, criminals, and over-eager teen hackers.

Garrett Graff, co-author of The Dawn of the Code War

The question of trust is increasingly central to computing, and in turn to our world at large. Fancy Bear Goes Phishing offers a whirlwind history of cybersecurity and its many open problems that makes for unsettling, absolutely riveting, and-for better or worse-necessary reading.

Brian Christian, author of Algorithms to Live By and The Alignment Problem

This is an engrossing read ... An authoritative, disturbing examination of hacking, cybercrime and techno-espionage

gripping, entertaining, yet intellectually rigorous

a clever mix of the technical and the human side of what's going on

We have a deep fascination with the threats that computer hackers pose to society - and a profound misunderstanding of how they work. Seeking to address this Scott Shapiro ... explains in surprising detail how the internet works - and why it isn't safer

The Dark History of the Information Age, in Five Extraordinary Hacks

Fancy Bear was hungry. Looking for embarrassing information about Hillary Clinton, the elite hacking unit within Russian military intelligence broke into the Democratic National Committee network, grabbed what it could, and may have contributed to the election of Donald Trump. 
 
Robert Morris was curious. Experimenting one night, the graduate student from Cornell University released "the Great Worm" and became the first person to crash the internet. 
 
Dark Avenger was in love. To impress his crush, the Bulgarian hacker invented the first mutating computer virus-engine and nearly destroyed the anti-virus industry. 
 
Why is the internet so insecure? How do hackers exploit its vulnerabilities? Fancy Bear Goes Phishing tells the stories of five great hacks, their origins, motivations and consequences. As well as Fancy Bear, Robert Morris and Dark Avenger, we meet Cameron Lacroix, a sixteen-year-old from South Boston, who hacked Paris Hilton's cell phone because he wanted to be famous and Paras Jha, a Rutgers undergraduate, who built a giant botnet designed to get him out of his calculus exam and disrupt the online game Minecraft, but which almost destroyed the internet in the process. Scott Shapiro's five stories demonstrate that computer hacking is not just a tale of technology, but of human beings. 
 
Yet as Shapiro shows, hackers do not just abuse computer code - they exploit the philosophical principles of computation: the very features that make computers possible also make hacking possible. He explains how our information society works, the ways our data is stored and manipulated, and why it is so subject to exploitation. Both intellectual romp and dramatic true-crime narrative, Fancy Bear Goes Phishing exposes the secrets of the digital age.

Scott Shapiro

Praise for Fancy Bear Goes Phishing

When does cyber-espionage tip into cybercrime or even cyber-warfare? ... Scott Shapiro is well-placed to tackle these quandaries ... masterful ... His narrative zips between technical explanations, leg ...

His impish humour and freewheeling erudition suit a world saturated in pop culture

an impressive achievement ... an absorbing tour of cyberspaces's netherworld ... illuminating

When does cyber-espionage tip into cybercrime or even cyber-warfare? ... Scott Shapiro is well-placed to tackle these quandaries ... masterful ... His narrative zips between technical explanations, leg ...

His impish humour and freewheeling erudition suit a world saturated in pop culture

an impressive achievement ... an absorbing tour of cyberspaces's netherworld ... illuminating

When does cyber-espionage tip into cybercrime or even cyber-warfare? ... Scott Shapiro is well-placed to tackle these quandaries ... masterful ... His narrative zips between technical explanations, leg ...

His impish humour and freewheeling erudition suit a world saturated in pop culture

an impressive achievement ... an absorbing tour of cyberspaces's netherworld ... illuminating

Books by Scott Shapiro

Cybersecurity professor Scott Shapiro breaks down hacking films and TV shows

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