Discover the Penguin books that shaped us

Penguin Modern Classics

1278 books in this series
Book cover of Tales of the Pacific by Jack London

Tales of the Pacific

If you know London primarily through novels like WHITE FANG, these stories will provide a new perspective. Full of intriguing characters and snippets of pidgin, they also highlight London's concern with social issues.
Book cover of Israel by Göran Rosenberg

Israel

On 22 April 1962 what remains of Göran Rosenberg’s family board a train to Venice, the first step of their passage from his native Sweden to Israel. Transplanted into a nation only a few months older than him, he is first enchanted by its vitality, imprinted by its ideals. It marks the beginning of a lifetime's journey across the promised land and into its past, the utopian visions and desperate fears that went into Zionism, as well as the violence and dispossession of its realization. This book tells the story of that journery, though buried stories and erased villages, dreams and disillusionments, and the histories still unfurling today.
Book cover of Cynics by Anatoly Marienhof

Cynics

'A love that cannot be throttled by the rubber tube of an enema bulb is immortal.'

Bookish and idealistic Vladimir is tormented with love for Olga; he brings her flowers when other men bring her flour and millet. Olga eventually agrees to marry him, as her building’s central heating will be out of service all winter and at least with two in the bed they’ll be warmer. When she decides she’d like to serve the revolution, he introduces her to his brother Sergei, a Bolshevik who manages the waterways. Thus begins an excruciating love triangle, measured in ration coupons and black market goods.

Described by the poet Joseph Brodsky as 'one of the most innovative novels in Russian literature', Marienhof’s Cynics is a pitch-black comedy set during the wild and savage years of War Communism and the New Economic Policy. Cinematic in its style and collagist in its aesthetic, it establishes Marienhof as a true formal radical. It is a bawdy, savage, lavishly emotional portrayal of working for the revolution (and trying to ignore it).
Book cover of Coal by Audre Lorde

Coal

‘I am Black because I come from the earth’s inside
now take my word for jewel in the open light.’

Impassioned and profound, the poems in Coal showcase Audre Lorde in all her dazzling elegance and multiplicity. Mournful, celebratory, politically conscious, this early collection faithfully captures the complex interiority of the self. With insight and great feeling, these poems explore racial and sexual politics, liberation and love; they are strongly autobiographical (including poems about Lorde’s children, her sister and her parents, as well as an elegy for a dear childhood friend). These timeless poems resonate down the years.
Book cover of Twilight in Musashino by Seicho Matsumoto

Twilight in Musashino

Musashino, 1959. A young Japanese flight attendant is found strangled on the icy banks of the river. The police suspect foul play – but the deeper they dig, the more they collide with a wall of silence.

At the centre of it all stands a foreign priest and the Guglielmo Church, a charitable Christian mission. The dead woman’s connection to the church is undeniable. But what begins as a routine investigation quickly turns into something far more treacherous, entangling together narcotics, post-war relief schemes and the delicate web of international diplomacy.

As the story moves from back alleys to diplomatic sanctuaries, following the twists and turns of Detective Fujisawa's investigation, Seicho Matsumoto masterfully constructs a slow-burning procedural where truth is clear but justice is not permitted.

Translated from Japanese by Jesse Kirkwood.
Book cover of The Issa Valley by Czeslaw Milosz

The Issa Valley

'Thomas was born in the village of Gine at that time of year when a ripe apple thumps to the ground during an afternoon lull.' So a boy's life begins in a winding river valley on the Polish-Russian border where time is measured by seasonal rhythms and ancient songs. For Thomas, the ghosts in the forest are as real as the magical water-snakes that live in the Issa; in the village he is entranced by the women with their cinched waists and the men in their long boots. But when he is shown a map, he discovers a kingdom all his own and starts to dream of leaving the valley behind.
Book cover of Letter to My Judge by Georges Simenon

Letter to My Judge

My dear Judge, I would like one man, just one, to understand me. And I really hope that man can be you.

In a small town in western France, Dr Charles Alavoine seems to lead the perfect life: his own medical practice, two beautiful children, a new wife and a doting mother. Yet as each quiet day of bourgeois conformity passes, Alavoine begins to feel a sharp sense of futility and solitude. Then, one rainy day in December, he meets a mysterious young woman on a station platform. Fascinated by her innocence and the scars of her past, Alavoine’s passion soon gives way to obsession, as he is drawn deeper into a web of desire and deceit, ending in a terrible act that will forever change the course of his life.

First published in 1947, Letter to My Judge is a masterful exploration of the darkest corners of the human soul, and a harrowing exorcism of Simenon’s phantoms.
Book cover of The Paranoid Style in American Politics by Richard Hofstadter

The Paranoid Style in American Politics

This richly enjoyable book is an unimprovable guide to the strange highways and byways of American life, written by Richard Hofstadter, the great American historian and intellectual. How is it that a country with such resources, so much space, with such a premium on education and written culture, can so quickly be reduced to a mere headless chicken by rumours, surreal conspiracy theories and the most brazen of conmen?

The only hope offered by Hofstadter is that America has so often been assailed by such gusts of nonsense that we should by now be able to spot the manias, fabrications and the patently absurd rumours. There never has been a golden age of reasonably intelligent discourse. But, unfortunately, perhaps there never will be.

In an era where we ourselves feel assailed by endless paranoid public statements it is comforting to read Hofstadter’s incisive refusal to see these as something new. In his discussion of famous and obscure untruths, some of which have profoundly impacted American domestic and foreign policy, he provides the antidote for the present day.

‘The Paranoid Style in American Politics’ was first published as an essay in Harper’s Magazine in late 1964 and has been argued over ever since.

Book cover of Exiles by James Joyce

Exiles

After ten long years spent away from Dublin, Richard, Bertha and their young illegitimate son Archie are back home. Despite expectations of comfort and domesticity, the couple's return to the place where they first met triggers an existential questioning, an anxiousness which is exacerbated by meetings with old friends and lovers.

James Joyce's only surviving play, Exiles builds upon one of his most famous short stories, 'The Dead', to provide a profound exploration of jealousy, doubt and the complexity of human desire.
Book cover of Poems by James Joyce

Poems

It is only James Joyce's towering genius as a novelist that has led to his comparative neglect as a poet. And yet his poems not only occupy a pivotal position in Joyce's career, they are also magnificently assured achievements in their own right. 'Chamber Music' is an extraordinary début, fusing a broad swathe of styles with characteristically sharp irony and joyful verbal exuberance. 'Pomes Penyeach' confronts painful personal issues of adultery, jealousy and betrayal and so paves the way for the more detached and fully realized treatment of these feelings in Joyce's masterpiece, Ulysses. Also included here is 'Ecce Puer', written for his new-born grandson, as well as juvenilia, satires, translations, limericks and a parody of Samuel Taylor Coleridge.